The birthplace of his wife Jeanie (nГ©e Evans) was given in the census enumeration book as 'Ireland': perhaps a significant factor in terms of tune repertory, discussed briefly below. Peter had married, moved out of the parental home in Holyrood Street to live at 6 Burnsidelaw, and started a family of his own. A decade later, and still in Hamilton, the father had retired, but both Peter and Daniel were now earning their living in the same manner.

At that date both Peter the elder and Peter the son, then aged 20, continued to work in the pits. Although he had migrated around the area, by the date of the 1881 census the family was living in Hamilton. Their father was born in Craigend in 1832, and worked as a coal miner, the chief occupation in Lanarkshire throughout the nineteenth century. Both men became, in turn, 'Scottish Champion Melodeon Player', both had an extensive recording career, and both were hugely influential on other melodeon players across a wide area of Scotland, and beyond. One of his younger brothers was Daniel MacKenzie Wyper, baptised on 23 October 1872 in Cambusnethan, although the family were actually living at the time in Wishaw. Peter Wyper was baptised in Dalziel, Lanarkshire, on 28 March 1861, the third child of Peter and Charlotte Wyper (nГ©e MacKenzie).

John J Kimmel recorded for established commercial companies any quest for the first melodeon player to record needs to take account of the possibility of an entrepreneur who possessed the technology required for recording cylinders in a down-home fashion. Although the melodeon was common enough among Germans in both the old world and the new (and fed influentially into other American traditions, such as the norteno or Tex-Mex style of the American south west), Kimmel largely eschewed this ethnic heritage - in his recordings at least - and played an essentially Irish repertory, augmented by numbers of Scottish items, ragtime pieces and popular marches. 4 Born in Brooklyn in 1866 of German immigrant parents, by the turn of the century he had evolved a style of playing which was melodically fluid, dynamic, thoroughly exciting, and apparently entirely personal. 3 His first session for the American Zon-o-phone label took place in New York in either 1904 or 1905. One candidate is John J Kimmel, who, via two excellent vinyl reissue albums, is certainly the best known of the pioneers. It therefore remains debatable which melodeon player first committed items from the common stock traditional dance tune repertory of these islands to cylinder. The early fortunes of the recording industry are still greatly under researched, and much of the relevant documentation has failed to survive: through carelessness, lack of interest, or destruction during the two wars. The recording mechanism involved the revolution of the cylinder at a fixed speed, while a stylus, attached to a laterally moving arm, transmitted the vibrations through the horn diaphragm and into the groove as it was being cut. With a typical running time of two to four minutes, this artefact measured about three to four inches, with the sound content etched into a continuous spiral groove along its length. The earliest commercially-issued sound recording medium was the wax cylinder. This piece, then, highlights the lives and careers of two such - a pair of brothers from the Lanarkshire area of lowland Scotland - and delineates their role in the early history of recording traditional dance music. The invention of permanent sound recording was coincident with this group of musicians, and the early histories of both are inextricably intertwined. But it is in an urban context that its chief legacy has reached us, via the commercial recordings of a group of talented men who were, broadly speaking, the second generation of players. Melodeons were used to provide entertainment, both as accompaniment to dance and song, throughout the whole of these islands. By around 1910 one manufacturer in Scotland alone claimed to possess 300,000 testimonials to their product. Invented during the 1820s, it was later produced en masse on the Continent - Germany in particular - and imported in vast quantities into the British Isles, where it sold cheaply from around mid-century onwards. The melodeon, or accordion as it was often interchangeably known, is a deceptively simple instrument with one or more row of button keys, operating on a push-pull bellows action.

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